Orthopedic implants · EU MDR clinical evidence

Clinical evidence for arthroplasty medical devices, as one connected plan

Claims, joint-specific outcomes, imaging, PROMs, survivorship, PMCF and the CER need to align before the protocol is finalized. Eclevar MedTech supports hip, knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle and revision systems, from evidence strategy and first-in-human studies through imaging and RSA planning, PMCF, registries and clinical evaluation.

Hip & kneeShoulderRevisionRSA & core labEU MDR 2017/745
Arthroplasty medical devices clinical evidence under EU MDR
The arthroplasty evidence lifecycle
1
Claims & evidence gap map
2
First-in-human
3
Pre-market investigation
4
Imaging, core lab & RSA
5
PMCF, registries & RWE
6
CER & benefit-risk
One evidence architecture: from intended claims to a defensible CER conclusion.
Trusted by

Leading medical device teams

TERUMOMerilNIHON KOHDENVYGONColoplastSHOFUASAHI INTECCRegenLabTERUMOMerilNIHON KOHDENVYGONColoplastSHOFUASAHI INTECCRegenLab
Expertise & recognition

A recognized European arthroplasty team

EUCROF Platinum Award 2026
EUCROF Platinum Award 2026xShare Open Call for Clinical Research, co-funded by the European Union
Dr Nikhil Khadabadi

Dr Nikhil Khadabadi

CMO · Orthopedics & Spine
NHS orthopedic surgeon

Former reviewer atTUV SUD
20+yrs

in orthopedic surgery & Class III implant evidence

  • Assesses Class III orthopedic & spinal evidence under EU MDR
  • Former Principal Investigator, Stryker robotic surgery trial
  • Leads CERs, PMCF & registries for Orthopedics & Spine
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Dr Mark Da Costa

Dr Mark Da Costa

Chief Operating Officer · former TÜV SÜD Senior Reviewer · Senior Consultant Surgeon

25+yrs

in device evaluation & Notified Body review

  • Assessed 400+ medical devices in Europe
  • Brings the reviewer perspective to protocol & CER design
  • Oversees delivery across the full evidence program
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Sébastien Meier Piantanida

Sébastien Meier Piantanida

Chief Data Officer · Biometrics & Data Systems

30yrs

in clinical data management, EDC & biometrics

  • Leads EDC, data management & biostatistics
  • Expertise in CDISC, CDASH, SDTM & ADaM
  • Validated data flows between sites, core lab & statistics
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Where sponsors start

Most arthroplasty programs reach us in one of six situations

Each has a clear entry point. The first step should not automatically be a new study, but a structured review of what the current evidence supports and what remains uncertain.

A device in development

Early concept or design freeze, with the evidence pathway still open.

A CER under pressure

Clinical evaluation challenged on claim support, equivalence or residual risk.

A protocol to review

A draft protocol whose endpoints, timepoints or success criteria need checking.

A Notified Body question

Deficiency letters or meeting notes that need a defensible evidence answer.

PMCF to design

Residual uncertainty in the CER that needs a proportionate post-market model.

Long-term data to mature

Short-term sponsor data that must grow into survivorship evidence.

The entry offer

Arthroplasty Evidence Assessment

A paid, defined engagement. Scope, timeline, fee and required documents are agreed in a written proposal before work begins.

What you send us

  • Device description, implant type and intended purpose
  • Intended claims and clinical benefits
  • Development stage, regulatory status and planned markets
  • Existing clinical data, published and unpublished
  • Current CER, PMCF plan and PMCF evaluation report
  • Risk management summary and preclinical evidence
  • Notified Body questions or deficiency letters
  • Commercial timeline and program constraints

What Eclevar MedTech delivers

  • An evidence gap map linked to the intended claims
  • A claim-to-evidence matrix: supported, partial, unsupported
  • A recommended pathway with study types and sequencing
  • An endpoint framework for the joint, including PROMs
  • A view on imaging, core lab or RSA requirements
  • A PMCF strategy linked to residual uncertainty
  • Registry and real-world evidence opportunities
  • A CER integration plan and defined work packages
Evidence architecture

Which study type closes which gap

Before the protocol is written we map the claims against the study types that can actually answer them. What the map leaves empty is what the program still has to cover.

Evidence gap mapWhere the claim is covered, and where it is notFirst-in-humanPre-marketinvestigationImaging / RSAPMCF studyRegistry & RWEEarly safety & feasibilityFixation & migrationFunction & PROMsLong-term survivorshipRare & late complicationsAnswers the questionContributes, not sufficient aloneNot the right instrument
Evidence gap map: claims against study types.
Evidence architecture

One connected plan, traceable in both directions

Arthroplasty evidence becomes difficult to defend when each study is designed in isolation. The conclusion required in the CER should influence endpoint selection at the beginning.

Intended purpose & claimsClinical questionsStudy design & endpointsData, imaging & analysisCER & benefit-risk

No single study should be expected to answer every short-term, radiographic, functional and long-term question.

European execution

Country, site & KOL feasibility

Country selection drives arthroplasty center volume, registry access, RSA capability, imaging readiness, follow-up reliability, contracting timelines and cost per patient.

European Cardiovascular Feasibility Network EUROPEAN ARTHROPLASTY FEASIBILITY NETWORK NOUKDEFRITES UKNJR registry data, high-volume centersWatch: cost attribution and site set-up FranceStrong orthopedic networksWatch: hospital contracting, start-up NordicsMature joint registries, long follow-upWatch: registry access varies bycountry GermanyHigh-volume arthroplasty centers, RSAWatch: contracting and data complexity Italy / SpainExperienced surgeons, competitiverecruitmentWatch: regional and foundation contracting

Registry access and data governance vary by country and are assessed individually during feasibility.

Joint-specific evidence

Arthroplasty is not one indication

Each joint has different failure modes, outcome conventions and follow-up priorities.

Hip

Fixation, stability, wear, dislocation and periprosthetic fracture. HHS or HOOS with radiographic assessment, revision and survivorship.

Knee

Pain relief, function, satisfaction, alignment, instability and wear. OKS or KOOS with range of motion, imaging and revision; responder analysis adds what mean scores hide.

Shoulder

Anatomic and reverse systems need different logic: fixation, instability, glenoid loosening, notching, cuff function. Constant-Murley or ASES with defined radiographs.

Elbow, ankle & small joints

Smaller populations and a less mature evidence base. Multicenter studies, specialist networks, registries and retrospective RWE are often decisive.

Revision

Heterogeneous indications, compromised bone stock, limited comparators. Re-revision and bone-loss management analyzed in meaningful strata.

Joint-specific evidence

Each joint carries its own failure modes

Hip, knee, shoulder, small joints and revision do not share one endpoint set. The illustration below maps the dominant failure modes to the instruments that are normally used to measure them.

HipFixation, stability, wear,dislocation, periprostheticfractureTypical instrumentsHHS or HOOSKneePain relief, function,satisfaction, alignment,instability, wearTypical instrumentsOKS or KOOSShoulderFixation, instability,glenoid loosening,notching, cuff functionTypical instrumentsConstant-Murley, ASESElbow, ankle, small jointsSmaller populations,less mature evidence base,specialist networksTypical instrumentsRegistries, retrospective RWERevisionHeterogeneous indications,compromised bone stock,limited comparatorsTypical instrumentsRe-revision, bone loss
Failure modes and outcome instruments, by joint.
Standardized radiographic follow-up of hip and knee arthroplasty, AP and lateral views
Joint replacement evidence, end to endFrom first-in-human through survivorship, every arthroplasty study is designed against the claim it must support.
Study types

Across the arthroplasty lifecycle

Each study type answers a different class of question. The program should combine only what the device, its claims and the remaining uncertainties require.

1 · First-in-human

Early safety, feasibility and initial performance, with careful site and surgeon selection.

2 · Pre-market investigation

Confirmatory performance and safety against prespecified endpoints under ISO 14155.

3 · Imaging & RSA

Standardized radiographic assessment and implant-migration measurement where fixation is central.

4 · PMCF studies

Proportionate post-market designs matched to residual uncertainty in the CER.

5 · Registries & RWE

Long-term survivorship and lower-frequency outcomes, with caution on case mix and coding.

6 · Survivorship analysis

Prespecified revision definitions, competing-risk methods and sensitivity analyses.

Device anatomy

Every claim belongs to a component

Fixation and migration belong to the bone-implant interface, wear to the bearing, stability to the construct. Reading the claim back to the component keeps the endpoint set honest.

What the evidence has to describeTotal hip systemAcetabular cupFemoral headNeck & taper junctionStem & fixation interfaceTotal knee systemFemoral componentBearing insertTibial trayTibial stem & fixationEvery claim maps to a partFixation and migration belong tothe bone-implant interface. Wearbelongs to the bearing. Stabilitybelongs to the construct and thesoft tissue.The endpoint set follows thecomponent the claim concerns.
Component anatomy of a total hip and a total knee system.
Endpoints & PROMs

A decision framework, not a score list

The first question is not which score to use, but what the device is intended to claim.

Worked example. A claim of improved knee function at two years needs a prespecified functional endpoint, an instrument such as OKS or KOOS, a two-year assessment, a justified responder definition and an analysis plan addressing missing data. The CER should then conclude on that same claim.

The same traceability applies to safety endpoints, radiographic outcomes and composite criteria. Our biostatistics team prespecifies these choices in the SAP.

Imaging & data

One imaging and data pipeline, analysis-ready

From site radiographs and CT to core lab reads, pseudonymization and endpoint adjudication, we keep a single controlled pipeline so the same clinical event never exists in three inconsistent forms.

Knee arthroplasty radiograph reviewed for central imaging analysis under EU MDR
Imaging, core lab & RSA

Related capabilities, different operational models

Imaging and core lab strategy

A radiographic strategy defines how images are acquired, transferred, reviewed and linked to the clinical database: component position, radiolucent lines, osteolysis, loosening, alignment or notching. A charter agreed before first enrollment reduces variation between sites and makes pooled analysis more reliable.

RSA and fixation evidence

Radiostereometric analysis gives highly precise measurement of implant migration and micromotion. It is valuable when early fixation is a central question: cementless designs, new coatings or modified geometries. RSA requires specialist centers, equipment and protocol provisions, so feasibility must be assessed during study design.

Revision & survivorship

The result depends on definitions and method

Survivorship is central to arthroplasty evidence. A defensible analysis should consider:

  • All-cause revision as a conservative primary endpoint where appropriate
  • Device-related, component- and indication-specific revision as prespecified secondary analyses
  • Reoperation without component removal, reported separately from revision
  • Clear adjudication rules for revision reason and device relationship
  • Competing-risk methods where death prevents later revision
  • Loss to follow-up, with sensitivity analyses
  • Registry comparison with caution about case mix, coding and completeness
  • A plan for how shorter-term data will mature into longer-term evidence
Knee arthroplasty radiographs used for revision and survivorship analysis
Survivorship, planned before database lockRevision definitions, competing-risk methods and sensitivity analyses are prespecified in the SAP, so the analysis remains usable in the CER and PMCF evaluation report.
Revision & survivorship

The same cohort, three different curves

Survivorship is central to arthroplasty evidence, and the number depends on what counts as an event. The definitions are fixed in the statistical analysis plan, before database lock.

Implant survivalLowerYears since implantationReoperation without component removalAll-cause revisionDevice-related revision onlySame cohort, three curvesThe revision definition, the competing-riskmethod and the handling of loss to follow-upare prespecified in the SAP, before databaselock, so the curve stays usable in the CER.Schematic. Illustrates how the definition changes the curve, it is not observed data.
Schematic curves. Illustrates the effect of the revision definition, not observed data.
PMCF & registries

Match the model to the uncertainty

PMCF is not one study type. The appropriate model depends on residual uncertainty in the CER, the risk management file and post-market data.

A structured HCP or patient survey can suit lower-volume devices, small-joint systems, instrumentation, handling and routine-use performance. Survey evidence may be insufficient where the principal uncertainty relates to fixation, migration, wear, radiographic progression, revision or long-term survivorship.

Delivery

Arthroplasty sites, run end to end

Feasibility, contracting, activation, monitoring and close-out across European specialist centers, with one team accountable for the evidence from protocol to CER.

Arthroplasty surgery in an investigational site operating room
Designed for the CER

Not only for the study report

Every study should be designed with its downstream regulatory use in mind. Before first enrollment, we map how the planned outputs flow through the technical documentation.

CRO deliverables become disconnected when the study report, CER, PMCF documents and claims are developed by separate teams. Eclevar MedTech brings clinical strategy, operations, data, statistics and clinical evaluation into the same program so endpoints, analyses and conclusions remain traceable.

Timeline & budget

What actually drives the program

Timelines follow evidence maturity, protocol readiness, imaging or RSA requirements, country selection and specialist-center availability. Costs follow countries and sites, monitoring model, imaging frequency, core lab or RSA scope, follow-up duration and the extent of CER and PMCF writing. We quote in defined work packages.

Sponsor and CRO planning an arthroplasty evidence program
FAQ

Questions sponsors ask first

How do we know whether a new clinical investigation is required?

It depends on intended purpose and claims, device novelty, available data, the strength of any equivalence argument, residual risks and Notified Body feedback. The Arthroplasty Evidence Assessment maps these before a protocol is commissioned.

Can registry data support PMCF for an arthroplasty implant?

Yes, where the registry population, variables, follow-up, device traceability and data quality are relevant to the residual uncertainty. It works best alongside sponsor-controlled clinical, imaging or PROM data.

When is RSA useful?

When early migration or fixation is a central question, especially for a new cementless design, coating or geometry. Feasibility depends on specialist centers, the comparator and the planned clinical interpretation.

Which PROM should we use for a hip, knee or shoulder study?

The instrument should follow the claim, joint, population and timepoint. HHS, HOOS, OKS, KOOS, Constant-Murley and ASES are common, but the choice and responder definition must be justified for the specific study.

Can Eclevar MedTech review a protocol that has already been written?

Yes. The Protocol and Endpoint Review examines claim alignment, endpoint hierarchy, timepoints, imaging, success criteria, missing-data assumptions and downstream CER use.

Does Eclevar MedTech support studies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland?

Yes. A dedicated DACH arthroplasty page covers country pathways, specialist-center strategy and operational delivery.

Can we engage Eclevar MedTech for one work package only?

Yes. Each engagement can stand alone: evidence assessment, protocol review, imaging strategy, PMCF design or CER remediation.

Start here

Start with the evidence question, not automatically with a study

Send us your device description, intended claims, existing clinical data and any Notified Body correspondence. You receive an evidence gap map, a claim-to-evidence matrix and a proportionate pathway.

Your documents are reviewed confidentially. An NDA can be put in place before we receive technical or clinical information.

Reforming Clinical Evaluation of Medical Devices in Europe